16-18 апреля 2020 года в г. Опатия (Хорватия) не состоялся Шестой Хорватско-Российский психиатрический конгресс с международным участием
Magay Andrey Igorevich [1], Baburin Alexey Nikolaevich [1], Zoricic Zoran [2]
[1] FSBSI MHRC, Moscow, Russia
[2] Klinikal hospital Sister of Mercy, Zagreb, Croatia
Tel. +7-926-357-70-24
Keywords: spiritually-oriented therapy, mental illness, co-morbid disorders
The place of the spiritually-oriented therapy for endogenous mental patients with co-morbid addictive disorders is contingent on significance of the spiritual model in the diagnostics and therapy of mental disorders. The researches point out to the “protective” function of religious commitment in case of substance abuse and the reverse correlation between the rich religious life and substance abuse rate. Spiritually-oriented programs for abuse treatment may focus on recovery of the internal control of a person, not necessarily involving any experience of relations between the patient and God At the same time religious patients overcome addictive behavior by decisively dropping their own desires and actions in favor of those actions that fall in line with the decrees of Heaven. Insufficient actualization of the spiritual resource may cancel out the spiritual struggle, which starts in the process of treatment, thus bringing about the emergence of depression symptoms or new forms of addictive behavior [Johnson E.L., 2017, Chamberlain & Hall, 2000, Pirutinsky, et al., 2011, Faigin et al, 2014, Wong-McDonald & Gorsuch, 2000].
According to the concepts of the Russian school of addiction medicine, the addictive behavior stems from deficit on three basic levels of functioning of a personality, namely biological, psychological and social. The existing therapeutic strategies provide for correction on three levels. The researches of the European and world scientists in mental health care invite to look into the personality in order to find the resources for finding solutions, so that the therapeutic effort could be directed at changing the mode of thoughts and conduct of the patient, changing their whole life-style eventually. The similar approach is implemented in the wide-spread technique of motivational counseling by William R. Miller и Stephen Rollnick, as well as in the socio-ecologic approach by V. Hudolin which is used in the outpatient family-oriented relief program for patients with co-morbid behavior disorder [Zoricic Z., 2019].
The traditional religious concepts relate addictive behavior and accompanying mental disorders to the notion of sin and the depravity of human nature as its basis. There is a warning in the Epistle of Paul the Apostle: “Do not get drunk with wine, for that is debauchery» (Ephesians 5:18). Another Epistle says: “Now the works of the flesh are evident: sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality, drunkenness, orgies, and things like these. I warn you, as I warned you before, that those who do such things will not inherit the kingdom of God” (Galatians 5:19 — 21). Delivery from the baneful addiction is contingent on personality transformation and is based on the spiritual labor of repentance and forgiveness.
The Christian religious coping that is based on the inner presence of the living Word and the Holy Spirit uses religious faith and practices to support religious methods of coping. At the same time it uses religious doctrines to discuss irrational beliefs and to challenge adverse knowledge, stresses the importance of prayer and Christian content in the process of therapy, and applies Christian spiritual reasoning for cognitive-behavioral therapy (namely to combat irrational ideas). The religious-oriented forgiveness strategy may apply REACH model. Repentance becomes a result of an axiological transformation of a personality in a Christian way as a result of living a religious life of religious faith and doctrine [Verhagen P., 2019, Pargament, K.I. et al, 2014, Worthington E. L. et al, 2016].
Russia has been implementing a multidisciplinary program of outpatient relief for endogenous mental patients with co-morbid addictive disorders including spiritually-oriented therapy since 1992. The program uses the resources of the national system of relief for mental patients within FSBSI MHRC, methodology of sobriety family clubs according to the method of Vladimir Hudolin, and the experience of pastoral care in the parishes of the Russian Orthodox Church [Baburin А.N., 2015]. The combination of biological therapy, psychosociotherapeutic procedures and spiritually-oriented therapy defines the efficiency of relief provided to co-morbid patients with addictive disorders.